Жостовская роспись
Народное декоративно-прикладное искусство. Жостовская роспись – один из наиболее известных видов русской народной живописи. Стало развиваться в начале XIX века в Мытищинском районе Подмосковья. Подносы изготовляли в селах и деревнях – Жостове, Троицком и др.
Ведущий сюжет жостовской росписи – цветы. Букеты цветов, гирлянды, своеобразные натюрморты. Роспись выполняется приемами свободного кистевого мазка, без предварительного рисунка. Композиция каждый раз исполняется импровизированно. Мастер-живописец наносит крупными мазками главные цветовые пятна будущей композиции. В ходе работы он связывает изображения цветов и плодов ветками и листьями. Фон выполняют разными цветами, но чаще всего черный, из глубин которого как бы вырастает объем цветов и листьев. Такого эффекта добиваются путем постепенной проработки формы, переходом от темного тона к более светлым. Букет сохраняет определенную декоративную условность и привязанность к плоскости подноса.
Мастерское владение кистью и приемами письма позволяет художникам легко добиваться различных декоративных эффектов. Захват кистью двух-трех цветов краски, прокладка мазка по сырому слою создают живописность цветовых решений, которые в бесконечных вариантах проявляются на подносах, превращая их в произведения декоративно-прикладного искусства.
Мастера выполняют роспись в пестрой гамме, напоминающей переливы красок в осеннем пейзаже. Иногда изображают на черном фоне почти бесцветную тональность букета белых цветов.
В некоторых работах цветовая гамма росписи обогащается вставками перламутровых пластин, изображением птиц. Для завершения композиций по краю поля или на пластично развернутых бортах подносов выполняют «золотой» орнамент, графический рисунок которого подчеркивает живописность росписи.
очень красиво *_*_*_*_*
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